python简单主机批量管理工具

yun

今天做了一个很简单的小项目，感受到了paramiko模块的强大，也深感自己Linux的功力不行~~

一、需求

二、简单需求分析及流程图

需求很少，我就简单地说下:

1. 主机分组可以配置文件实现(我用字典存数据的).

2. 登陆功能不做。选择分组后可查看组内对应主机的主机名和IP地址.

3. >>>cmd: df(输入命令则起多个线程(视组内有多少个主机而定)同时执行)

输出:

－－－－－－－－－－－－－h1－－－－－－－－－－－－

……(命令返回的数据)

－－－－－－－－－－－－－h2－－－－－－－－－－－－

……

>>>put  test.yy(本地文件)   filename (把本地的test.yy文件传到远程主机的/root目录下)

4.可写在配置文件中。包括远程主机的: 主机名 IP 用户名 密码 端口

流程图

三、目录结构及源代码

目录结构:

from_windows.py(待上传的文件)

main.py(批量主机管理接口)

1. """批量主机管理接口"""
   
2. 
   
3. import core
   
4. 
   
5. if __name__ == "__main__":
   
6.   core.run()

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core.py(核心代码，被接口调用)

1. """核心代码"""
   
2. import settings
   
3. import paramiko
   
4. import threading
   
5. import os
   
6. 
   
7. 
   
8. class REMOTE_HOST(object):
   
9.   #远程操作主机
   
10.   def __init__(self, host, port ,username, password, cmd):
    
11.     self.host = host
    
12.     self.port = port
    
13.     self.username = username
    
14.     self.password = password
    
15.     self.cmd = cmd
    
16. 
    
17.   def run(self):
    
18.     """起线程连接远程主机后调用"""
    
19.     cmd_str = self.cmd.split()[0]
    
20.     if hasattr(self, cmd_str):   #反射 eg:调用put方法
    
21.       getattr(self, cmd_str)()
    
22.     else:
    
23.       #setattr(x,'y',v)is equivalent to  ``x.y=v''
    
24.       setattr(self, cmd_str, self.command)
    
25.       getattr(self, cmd_str)() #调用command方法，执行批量命令处理
    
26. 
    
27.   def command(self):
    
28.     """批量命令处理"""
    
29.     ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() #创建ssh对象
    
30.     #允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
    
31.     ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
    
32.     ssh.connect(hostname=self.host,port=self.port,username=self.username,password=self.password)
    
33.     stdin,stdout,stderr = ssh.exec_command(self.cmd)
    
34.     result = stdout.read()
    
35.     print("%s".center(50, "-") % self.host)
    
36.     print(result.decode())
    
37.     ssh.close()
    
38. 
    
39.   def put(self):
    
40.     """上传文件"""
    
41.     filename = self.cmd.split()[1] #要上传的文件
    
42.     transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host, self.port))
    
43.     transport.connect(username=self.username, password=self.password)
    
44.     sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
    
45.     sftp.put(filename, filename)
    
46.     print("put sucesss")
    
47. 
    
48.     transport.close()
    
49. 
    
50. 
    
51. def show_host_list():
    
52.   """通过选择分组显示主机名与IP"""
    
53.   for index, key in enumerate(settings.msg_dic):
    
54.     print(index + 1, key, len(settings.msg_dic[key]))
    
55.   while True:
    
56.     choose_host_list = input(">>>(eg:group1)").strip()
    
57.     host_dic = settings.msg_dic.get(choose_host_list)
    
58.     if host_dic:
    
59.       #print(host_dic)
    
60.       for key in host_dic:
    
61.         print(key, host_dic[key]["IP"])
    
62.       return host_dic
    
63.     else:
    
64.       print("NO exit this group!")
    
65. 
    
66. 
    
67. def interactive(choose_host_list):
    
68.   """根据选择的分组主机起多个线程进行批量交互"""
    
69.   thread_list = []
    
70.   while True:
    
71.     cmd = input(">>>").strip()
    
72.     if cmd:
    
73.       for key in choose_host_list:
    
74.         host, port, username, password = choose_host_list[key]["IP"], choose_host_list[key]["port"], \
    
75.                          choose_host_list[key]["username"], choose_host_list[key]["password"]
    
76.         func = REMOTE_HOST(host, port, username, password, cmd) # 实例化类
    
77.         t = threading.Thread(target=func.run) # 起线程
    
78.         t.start()
    
79.         thread_list.append(t)
    
80.       for t in thread_list:
    
81.         t.join() # 主线程等待子线程执行完毕
    
82.     else:
    
83.       continue
    
84. 
    
85. 
    
86. def run():
    
87.   choose_host_list = show_host_list()
    
88.   interactive(choose_host_list)
    

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settings.py(配置文件)

1. """配置文件"""
   
2. 
   
3. msg_dic = {
   
4.   "group1":{  #分组1
   
5.     "h1":{"IP":"192.168.1.1", "username":"11", "password":"aa", "port":22},
   
6.     "h2":{"IP":"192.168.1.2", "username":"22", "password":"bb", "port":22},
   
7.     "h3":{"IP":"192.168.1.3", "username":"33", "password":"cc", "port":22},
   
8.     "h4":{"IP":"192.168.1.4", "username":"44", "password":"dd", "port":22},
   
9.     "h5":{"IP":"192.168.1.5", "username":"55", "password":"ee", "port":22},
   
10.     "h6":{"IP":"192.168.1.6", "username":"66", "password":"ff", "port":22},
    
11.   },
    
12. 
    
13.   "group2":{  #分组2
    
14.     "h1":{"IP":"192.168.2.1", "username":"111", "password":"aaa", "port":22},
    
15.     "h2":{"IP":"192.168.2.2", "username":"222", "password":"bbb", "port":22},
    
16.     "h3":{"IP":"192.168.2.3", "username":"333", "password":"ccc", "port":22},
    
17.     "h4":{"IP":"192.168.2.4", "username":"444", "password":"ddd", "port":22},
    
18.     "h5":{"IP":"192.168.2.5", "username":"555", "password":"eee", "port":22},
    
19.     "h6":{"IP":"192.168.2.6", "username":"666", "password":"fff", "port":22},
    
20.     "h7":{"IP":"192.168.2.7", "username":"777", "password":"ggg", "port":22},
    
21.     "h8":{"IP":"192.168.2.8", "username":"888", "password":"hhh", "port":22},
    
22.   },
    
23. 
    
24.   "group3":{
    
25.     "h1":{"IP":"192.168.179.133", "username":"root", "password":"zcl", "port":22},
    
26.   }
    
27. }
    

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测试:

硬件限制，我只用连接一台虚拟机测试~

1. C:\Python34\python3.exe C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/laonanhai/host_manage/main.py
   
2. 1 group1 6
   
3. 2 group3 1
   
4. 3 group2 8
   
5. >>>(eg:group1)group3
   
6. h1 192.168.179.133
   
7. >>>put from_windows.py
   
8. put sucesss
   
9. >>>
   
10. >>>ls
    
11. ------------------------192.168.179.133------------------------
    
12. anaconda-ks.cfg
    
13. database_test
    
14. from_windows.py
    
15. install.log
    
16. install.log.syslog
    
17. m
    
18. oot
    
19. \root
    
20. tmp\from_windows.py
    
21. 
    
22. >>>
    

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上传前没有from_windows.py文件，上传后就有了!