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[集群服务] keepalived+mysql实现双主高可用

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    2024-3-7 12:52
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    [LV.Master]伴坛终老

    环境:

    DB1:centos6.8、mysql5.5、192.168.2.204  hostname:bogon

    DB2:centos6.8、mysql5.5、192.168.2.205  hostname:localhost.localdomain

    vip:192.168.2.33

    一、先配置DB1和DB2的双主热备

    1、分别在DB1和DB2上安装mysql,我这里是用的ansible自动部署
    1. [root@www ansible]# ansible-playbook lnmp.yml

    2. PLAY [new] *********************************************************************

    3. TASK [setup] *******************************************************************
    4. ok: [192.168.2.205]
    5. ok: [192.168.2.204]

    6. TASK [mysql : Create backup folder] ********************************************
    7. ok: [192.168.2.204]
    8. ok: [192.168.2.205]

    9. TASK [mysql : create log folder] ***********************************************
    10. changed: [192.168.2.204]
    11. changed: [192.168.2.205]

    12. TASK [mysql : copy mysql_tar_gz to client] *************************************
    13. changed: [192.168.2.204]
    14. changed: [192.168.2.205]

    15. TASK [mysql : copy install_script to client] ***********************************
    16. changed: [192.168.2.204]
    17. changed: [192.168.2.205]

    18. TASK [mysql : copy my.cnf to /data/backup] *************************************
    19. changed: [192.168.2.204]
    20. changed: [192.168.2.205]

    21. TASK [mysql : install mysql] ***************************************************
    22. changed: [192.168.2.204]
    23. changed: [192.168.2.205]

    24. PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
    25. 192.168.2.204              : ok=7    changed=5    unreachable=0    failed=0   
    26. 192.168.2.205              : ok=7    changed=5    unreachable=0    failed=0
    复制代码
    2、修改mysql的配置文件

    首先修改DB1主机的配置文件,在/etc/my.cnf文件中的[mysqld]段添加以下内容
    1. [root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    2. server-id = 1    #节点标示,主从节点不能相同,必须全局唯一
    3. log-bin=mysql-bin  #开启mysql的binlog日志功能
    4. relay-log = mysql-relay-bin   #开启relay-log日志,relay-log日志记录的是从服务器I/O线程将主服务器的二进制日志读取过来记录到从服务器本地文件,然后SQL线程会读取relay-log日志的内容并应用到从服务器
    5. replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%  #复制过滤选项
    6. replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
    7. replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%
    复制代码
    然后修改DB2主机的配置文件
    1. [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    2. server-id = 2
    3. log-bin=mysql-bin
    4. relay-log = mysql-relay-bin
    5. replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
    6. replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
    7. replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%
    复制代码
    最后分别重启DB1和DB2使配置生效



    3、创建复制用户并授权

    注:在执行主主互备之前要保证两台server上数据一致

    首先在DB1的mysql库中创建复制用户
    1. mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl_user'@'192.168.2.205' identified by 'repl_passwd';
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

    3. mysql> show master status;
    4. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    5. | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
    6. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    7. | mysql-bin.000004 |      271 |              |                  |
    8. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    9. row in set (0.00 sec)
    复制代码
    然后在DB2的mysql库中将DB1设为自己的主服务器
    1. mysql> change master to \
    2.     -> master_host='192.168.2.204',  
    3.     -> master_user='repl_user',
    4.     -> master_password='repl_passwd',
    5.     -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',  
    6.     -> master_log_pos=271;
    7. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
    复制代码
    这里需要注意master_log_file和master_log_pos两个选项,这两个选项的值是在DB1上通过“show master status” 查询到的结果

    接着在DB2上启动slave服务
    1. mysql> start slave;
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    复制代码
    下面查看DB2上slave的运行状态
    1. mysql> show slave status\G
    2. *************************** 1. row ***************************
    3.                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
    4.                   Master_Host: 192.168.2.204
    5.                   Master_User: repl_user
    6.                   Master_Port: 3306
    7.                 Connect_Retry: 60
    8.               Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
    9.           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 271
    10.                Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000002
    11.                 Relay_Log_Pos: 253
    12.         Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
    13.              Slave_IO_Running: Yes    #重点
    14.             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes    #重点
    15.               Replicate_Do_DB:
    16.           Replicate_Ignore_DB:
    17.            Replicate_Do_Table:
    18.        Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    19.       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
    20.   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%,test.%,information_schema.%  #跳过的表
    21.                    Last_Errno: 0
    22.                    Last_Error:
    23.                  Skip_Counter: 0
    24.           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 271
    25.               Relay_Log_Space: 409
    26.               Until_Condition: None
    27.                Until_Log_File:
    28.                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
    29.            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
    30.            Master_SSL_CA_File:
    31.            Master_SSL_CA_Path:
    32.               Master_SSL_Cert:
    33.             Master_SSL_Cipher:
    34.                Master_SSL_Key:
    35.         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
    36. Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
    37.                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
    38.                 Last_IO_Error:
    39.                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
    40.                Last_SQL_Error:
    41.   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
    42.              Master_Server_Id: 1
    43. row in set (0.00 sec)
    复制代码
    到这里,从DB1到DB2的mysql主从复制已经完成。接下来开始配置从DB2到DB1的mysql主从复制

    在DB2的mysql库中创建复制用户
    1. mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl_user'@'192.168.2.204' identified by 'repl_passwd';
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    3. mysql> show master status;
    4. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    5. | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
    6. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    7. | mysql-bin.000005 |      271 |              |                  |
    8. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    9. row in set (0.00 sec)
    复制代码
    然后在DB1的mysql库中将DB2设为自己的主服务器
    1. mysql> change master to \
    2.     -> master_host='192.168.2.205',
    3.     -> master_user='repl_user',
    4.     -> master_password='repl_passwd',
    5.     -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005',
    6.     -> master_log_pos=271;
    7. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
    复制代码
    最后,在DB1上启动slave服务
    1. mysql> start slave;
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    复制代码
    查看DB1上slave的运行状态
    1. mysql> show slave status\G
    2. *************************** 1. row ***************************
    3.                Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
    4.                   Master_Host: 192.168.2.205
    5.                   Master_User: repl_user
    6.                   Master_Port: 3306
    7.                 Connect_Retry: 60
    8.               Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
    9.           Read_Master_Log_Pos: 271
    10.                Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000002
    11.                 Relay_Log_Pos: 253
    12.         Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
    13.              Slave_IO_Running: Yes
    14.             Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
    15.               Replicate_Do_DB:
    16.           Replicate_Ignore_DB:
    17.            Replicate_Do_Table:
    18.        Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    19.       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
    20.   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%,test.%,information_schema.%
    21.                    Last_Errno: 0
    22.                    Last_Error:
    23.                  Skip_Counter: 0
    24.           Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 271
    25.               Relay_Log_Space: 409
    26.               Until_Condition: None
    27.                Until_Log_File:
    28.                 Until_Log_Pos: 0
    29.            Master_SSL_Allowed: No
    30.            Master_SSL_CA_File:
    31.            Master_SSL_CA_Path:
    32.               Master_SSL_Cert:
    33.             Master_SSL_Cipher:
    34.                Master_SSL_Key:
    35.         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
    36. Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
    37.                 Last_IO_Errno: 0
    38.                 Last_IO_Error:
    39.                Last_SQL_Errno: 0
    40.                Last_SQL_Error:
    41.   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
    42.              Master_Server_Id: 2
    43. row in set (0.00 sec)
    复制代码
    二、配置keepalived实现mysql双主高可用

    1、安装keepalived
    1. [root@bogon src]# tar zxf keepalived-1.2.24.tar.gz
    2. [root@bogon src]# cd keepalived-1.2.24
    3. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# ./configure --sysconf=/etc --with-kernel-dir=/lib/modules/2.6.32-642.3.1.el6.x86_64/
    4. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# make && make install
    5. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
    6. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# chkconfig --add keepalived
    7. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# chkconfig --level 35 keepalived on
    8. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# yum  -y install ipvsadm  ####之前没安装ipvsadm,导致 keepalived配置中lvs配置部分不生效,其中定义的notify_down 字段死活不生效,查了好久在发现是没安装ipvsadm导致的,泪奔!!!
    9. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# ipvsadm
    复制代码
    2、配置keepalived

    DB1上keepalived.conf配置为
    1. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    2. ! Configuration File for keepalived

    3. global_defs {
    4.    notification_email {
    5.      root<span id="kM0.39992083176707727">@localhost</span>
    6.    }
    7.    notification_email_from keepalived<span id="kM0.17554743406903328">@localhost</span>
    8.    smtp_server 192.168.200.1
    9.    smtp_connect_timeout 30
    10.    router_id LVS_DEVEL
    11.    vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
    12.    vrrp_strict
    13.    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    14.    vrrp_gna_interval 0
    15. }


    16. vrrp_instance HA_1 {
    17.     state BACKUP    #在DB1和DB2上均配置为BACKUP
    18.     interface eth1
    19.     virtual_router_id 90
    20.     priority 100
    21.     advert_int 1
    22.     nopreempt    #不抢占模式,只有优先级高的机器上设置即可,优先级低的机器可不设置
    23.     authentication {
    24.         auth_type PASS
    25.         auth_pass 1111
    26.     }
    27.     virtual_ipaddress {
    28.     192.168.2.33
    29.     }
    30. }

    31. virtual_server 192.168.2.33 3306 {
    32.      delay_loop 2
    33.      lb_algo wrr
    34.      lb_kind DR
    35.      persistence_timeout 60  #会话保持时间
    36.      protocol TCP
    37.      real_server 192.168.2.204 3306 {
    38.          weight 3
    39.          notify_down /root/shutdown.sh  #检测到服务down后执行的脚本
    40.          TCP_CHECK {
    41.              connect_timeout 10  #连接超时时间
    42.              nb_get_retry 3    #重连次数
    43.              delay_before_retry 3   #重连间隔时间  
    44.              connect_port 3306     #健康检查端口
    45.          }
    46.      }
    47. }
    复制代码
    DB2上keepalived.conf配置为
    1. [root@localhost keepalived-1.2.24]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    2. ! Configuration File for keepalived

    3. global_defs {
    4.    notification_email {
    5. root<span id="kM0.5718797554368988">@localhost</span>
    6.    }
    7.    notification_email_from keepalived<span id="kM0.2670048335059181">@localhost</span>
    8.    smtp_server 192.168.200.1
    9.    smtp_connect_timeout 30
    10.    router_id LVS_DEVEL
    11.    vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
    12.    vrrp_strict
    13.    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    14.    vrrp_gna_interval 0
    15. }

    16. vrrp_instance HA_1 {
    17.     state BACKUP
    18.     interface eth1
    19.     virtual_router_id 90
    20.     priority 90
    21.     advert_int 1
    22.     authentication {
    23.         auth_type PASS
    24.         auth_pass 1111
    25.     }
    26.     virtual_ipaddress {
    27.     192.168.2.33
    28.     }
    29. }

    30. virtual_server 192.168.2.33 3306 {
    31.      delay_loop 2
    32.      lb_algo wrr
    33.      lb_kind DR
    34.      persistence_timeout 60
    35.      protocol TCP
    36.      real_server 192.168.2.205 3306 {
    37.          weight 3
    38.          notify_down /root/shutdown.sh
    39.          TCP_CHECK {
    40.              connect_timeout 10
    41.              nb_get_retry 3
    42.              delay_before_retry 3
    43.              connect_port 3306
    44.          }
    45.      }
    46. }
    复制代码
    编写检测服务down后所要执行的脚本shutdown.sh
    1. [root@bogon ~]# cat /root/shtdown.sh
    2. #!/bin/bash
    3. killall keepalived
    复制代码
    注:此脚本是上面配置文件notify_down选项所用到的,keepalived使用notify_down选项来检查real_server的服务状态,当发现real_server服务故障时,便触发此脚本;我们可以看到,脚本就一个命令,通过killall keepalived强制杀死keepalived进程,从而实现了MySQL故障自动转移。另外,我们不用担心两个MySQL会同时提供数据更新操作,因为每台MySQL上的keepalived的配置里面只有本机MySQL的IP+VIP,而不是两台MySQL的IP+VIP


    启动keepalived并查看日志
    1. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/keepalived
    2. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# service keepalived start
    3. 正在启动 keepalived:                                      [确定]
    4. [root@bogon keepalived-1.2.24]# tail -f /var/log/messages
    5. Oct 24 22:37:35 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    6. Oct 24 22:37:35 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    7. Oct 24 22:37:35 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    8. Oct 24 22:37:35 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    9. Oct 24 22:37:40 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    10. Oct 24 22:37:40 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: VRRP_Instance(HA_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    11. Oct 24 22:37:40 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    12. Oct 24 22:37:40 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    13. Oct 24 22:37:40 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    14. Oct 24 22:37:40 bogon Keepalived_vrrp[20835]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth1 for 192.168.2.33
    复制代码
    三、测试功能

    1、在远程客户端通过vip登陆测试
    1. [root@www ansible]# mysql -h 192.168.2.33 -uroot -p
    2. Enter password:
    3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    4. Your MySQL connection id is 2372
    5. Server version: 5.5.37-log Source distribution

    6. Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

    7. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    8. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    9. owners.

    10. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

    11. mysql>
    12.   mysql> show variables like "%hostname%"
    13.   -> ;
    14.   +---------------+-------+
    15.   | Variable_name | Value |
    16.   +---------------+-------+
    17.   | hostname      | bogon |
    18.   +---------------+-------+
    19. row in set (0.00 sec)
    复制代码
    从sql输出结果看,可以通过vip登陆,并且登陆了DB1服务器

    2、创建一个数据库,然后在这个库重创建一个表,并插入数据
    1. mysql> create database repldb;
    2. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

    3. mysql> show databases;
    4. +--------------------+
    5. | Database           |
    6. +--------------------+
    7. | information_schema |
    8. | mysql              |
    9. | performance_schema |
    10. | repldb             |
    11. | test               |
    12. +--------------------+
    13. rows in set (0.06 sec)

    14. mysql> use repldb;
    15. Database changed
    16. mysql> create table repl_table(id int,email varchar(80),password varchar(40) not null);
    17. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

    18. mysql> show tables;
    19. +------------------+
    20. | Tables_in_repldb |
    21. +------------------+
    22. | repl_table       |
    23. +------------------+
    24. row in set (0.01 sec)

    25. mysql> insert into repl_table(id,email,password) values(1,"master@163.com","qweasd");
    26. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    复制代码
    登陆DB2主机的mysql,可数据是否复制成功
    1. mysql> show variables like "%hostname%";
    2. +---------------+-----------------------+
    3. | Variable_name | Value                 |
    4. +---------------+-----------------------+
    5. | hostname      | localhost.localdomain |
    6. +---------------+-----------------------+
    7. row in set (0.01 sec)

    8. mysql> show databases;
    9. +--------------------+
    10. | Database           |
    11. +--------------------+
    12. | information_schema |
    13. | mysql              |
    14. | performance_schema |
    15. | repldb             |
    16. | test               |
    17. +--------------------+
    18. rows in set (0.05 sec)

    19. mysql> use repldb;
    20. Database changed
    21. mysql> show tables;
    22. +------------------+
    23. | Tables_in_repldb |
    24. +------------------+
    25. | repl_table       |
    26. +------------------+
    27. row in set (0.00 sec)


    28. mysql> select * from repl_table;
    29. +------+----------------+----------+
    30. | id   | email          | password |
    31. +------+----------------+----------+
    32. |    1 | master@163.com | qweasd   |
    33. +------+----------------+----------+
    34. row in set (0.08 sec)
    复制代码
    3、停止DB1主机上的mysql,查看故障是否自动转移
    1. [root@bogon ~]# service mysqld stop
    2. Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
    复制代码
    登陆192.168.2.33查看:
    1. mysql> show variables like "%hostname%";
    2. ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
    3. No connection. Trying to reconnect...
    4. Connection id:    610
    5. Current database: repldb

    6. +---------------+-----------------------+
    7. | Variable_name | Value                 |
    8. +---------------+-----------------------+
    9. | hostname      | localhost.localdomain |
    10. +---------------+-----------------------+
    11. row in set (0.01 sec)
    复制代码
    可以看到现在登陆的是DB2 故障自动切换成功

    接着,插入数据看DB1是否能复制
    1. mysql> insert into repl_table(id,email,password) values(2,"slave@163.com","qweasd");
    2. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

    3. mysql> use repldb;
    4. Database changed
    5. mysql> select * from repl_table;
    6. +------+----------------+----------+
    7. | id   | email          | password |
    8. +------+----------------+----------+
    9. |    1 | master@163.com | qweasd   |
    10. |    2 | slave@163.com  | qweasd   |
    11. +------+----------------+----------+
    12. rows in set (0.00 sec)
    复制代码
    登陆DB1查看表数据
    1. [root@bogon ~]# service mysqld start
    2. Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
    3. [root@bogon ~]# mysql -uroot -p
    4. Enter password:
    5. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    6. Your MySQL connection id is 4
    7. Server version: 5.5.37-log Source distribution

    8. Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

    9. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    10. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    11. owners.

    12. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

    13. mysql> use repldb;
    14. Database changed
    15. mysql> select * from repl_table;
    16. +------+----------------+----------+
    17. | id   | email          | password |
    18. +------+----------------+----------+
    19. |    1 | master@163.com | qweasd   |
    20. |    2 | slave@163.com  | qweasd   |
    21. +------+----------------+----------+
    22. rows in set (0.02 sec)
    复制代码
    复制成功!


    到此全部完成!!

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  • TA的每日心情
    奋斗
    2019-9-27 16:27
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